Sage Sri, Sankara Says: the orthodoxy is meant for ignorant people.
Sage Sri, Sankara
says the scriptures dealing with rituals are addressed to an ignorant person.
Upanishad aspiration is
best expressed in the following sutra:~
OM Asato ma sad gaMaya , tamaso ma jyotir gaMaya , mrityor ma aamritaam
gaMaya . Shanti, Shanti, Shanti
"OM Lead me
from ignorance to truth, from darkness to light, from death to immortality.
Peace, Peace, Peace" (Brhadaranyaka Upanishad (1/3/28)).
According
to Advaita Vedanta, the Veda addresses itself to two kinds of audiences - the
ordinary ones who desire the transitory heaven and other pleasures obtained as
a result of ritual sacrifices, and the more advanced seeker who seeks to know
Brahman. Thus, the purva mimam.sa, with its emphasis on the karma kanda of the
Vedas, is meant for the first audience, to help lead its followers along the
way. However, the Vedanta, with its emphasis on the jnana kanda, is meant for
those who wish to go beyond such transient pleasures.
Those
who lack the intelligence to discriminate between formless witness (subject)
and three states (object) will not be able to grasp what is real and what is
unreal. Both subject and object are the consciousness, not subject alone.
Ish Upanishad declares:
- Those
people who have neglected the attainment of ‘Self’-knowledge and have thus
committed suicide ~10/11/12
Those people who
have neglected the attainment of ‘Self’-knowledge or Brahma Gnana or Atma Gnana
and have thus committed suicide, as it were, are doomed to enter those worlds
after death.
This is a
condemnation of people who do not try to attain ‘Self’-knowledge. They are, in
a real sense, committing suicide, for what can be worse than being a slave to
sense enjoyment, completely oblivious of the real purpose of life, which is to
be one’s own master?
The Brahma Sutras
together with Sage Sri Sankara's
commentary thereon do not contain higher Vedanta. They are intended for
duffers.
Sage Sri, Sankara's commentary on Brahma Sutras is not on the
philosophical basis, but on a religio-mystic one, with appeal to Vedas as final
authority.
In Brahma Sutra Sage Sri, Sankara takes the position that there is
another entity outside us, i.e. the wall really exists separately from the
mind. This was because Sage
Sri, Sankara explains in Manduka
that those who study the Sutras are religious minds, intellectual children,
hence his popular view point to assist them. These people are afraid to go
deeper because it means being heroic enough to refuse to accept Sruti, and God's
authority, in case they mean punishment by God.
Sage Sri, Sankara say: Keep the scriptures for children,
but throw them on the fire for wise seekers.
In Brahma Sutras Sage Sri, Sankara takes for granted, assumes that a world
was created: He there mixes dogmatic theology with philosophy.
That God created the
world is an absolute lie; nevertheless you will find Sage Sri, Sankara (in his commentary on
Vedanta Sutras) clearly says this! He has to adapt his teachings to his
audience, reserving the highest for philosophical minds.
The text of Brahma
Sutras is based on religion, dogmatism, but in the commentary Sankara cleverly
introduced some philosophy. If it is objected that a number of Upanishads are
equally dogmatic because they also begin by assuming Brahman, but a few
Upanishads do not, but prove Brahman at the end of a train of proof.
The causality and
creation, but these are for religious people only. Religion is only for those who are unable to
understand truth beyond the form, time and space. Religion is
not final. It only gives satisfaction to th populace. The ‘Self’ - knowledge is for the
whole humanity to free them from experiencing the birth, life, death and world
as reality.
People of small intelligence follow religion and believe that the world
was created by God. But how do they know that He did so? When a pot is created,
one can see both pot and its maker, but not in the case of the world.
This is following
prescription prescribed by orthodoxy in the name of Sage Sri, Sankara. The orthodoxy has listed down in 5 verses, 40 steps
of Sadhanas (discipline) to be followed to achieve the (only meaningful) goal
of human life Moksha, liberation. Use it
as a everyday as a contemplative prayer.
1. Study the
scriptures (Vedas) daily
2. Perform diligently the duties (sva dharma) ordered by the scriptures
3. Dedicate all the actions thus performed (as above) to Ishvara (IshvarArpanna Buddhi)
4. Gradually give up performance of ‘Selfish actions
5. Filter sinful/adharmic likes and dislikes
6. Recognize the inherent defects of material pursuits
7. Seek moksha with consistent endeavour
8. Get out from the bondage of activity (specified to the ones which end up entangling us)
9. Seek companionship with men of wisdom
10. Be established in firm devotion to Ishvara and perform upasana
11. Gain mind control, sense control, withdrawal, forbearance, faith and focus
12. Give up karma and upasana when they are not required any longer for spiritual growth
13. Seek Knowledge from a sat guru
14. Serve his lotus feet
15. Ask for brahma vidya
16. Listen in depth, to the Upanishadic declarations
17. Analyse the meanings of Upanishadic commandments
18. Perform such analyses by sticking to scriptures
19. Get away from logic based system (logic is good when it corroborates scripture, in the sense don't try to substitute it)
20. Dwell upon the discriminative rationale of Shruti (basically, develop Viveka)
21. Constantly remain steeped in the fact that you are Brahman
22. Renounce pride/vanity/arrogance
23. Give up the delusionary misconception- "I am the body"
24. Do not argue with wise men
25. Consider hunger as a disease
26. Treat hunger, the disease, by taking bhiksha food
27. Beg no delicious food
28. Live contentedly with whatever comes your way as prasadam
29. Endure all pains of opposites- heat/cold, likes/dislikes, pleasure/pain.
30. Avoid wasteful talk
31. Be indifferent and avoid groupism
32. Don't get attached to either someone's love or criticism
33. In solitude also, live joyously
34. Quieten your mind in Ishvara
35. Realize and see the ‘Self’ in everything, everywhere
36. Recognize the universe as a finite projection of the ‘Self’
37. Destroy the effects of deeds done in earlier lives (sanchit karma) through the strength of knowledge
38. Through wisdom, become detached from AgAmi karma (give up doership/enjoyership)
39. Experience and exhaust the prarabdh, fruits of past actions
40. Thereafter, live eternally as Brahman
But
Sage Sri, Sankara Says, that, the orthodoxy is meant for ignorant
people.
Sage Sri,
Sankara: ~ "Though I wear these
robes of a Sanyasin, it is only for the sake of bread."
~ This
shows he was wearing the religious robe only for the sake of bread."
All the rituals
based on the false belief of Gods will not yield any fruits and they are meant
for the ignorant populace who are unable to grasp the God beyond the form, time
and the space.
One
of Sage
Sri, Sankara’s missions was to wean people away from a ritualistic approach
advocated by Mimamsakas and to project wisdom (jnana) as the means of liberation in the
light of Upanishad teachings.
Sage
Sri, Sankara criticized
severely the ritualistic attitude and those who advocated such practices.
However, the orthodox texts that
combined rituals with wisdom (jnana_karma_samucchaya)
more in favor of the Mimamsaka position came into vogue, projecting Sage Sri,
Sankara as the rallying force of the doctrine.
That is why Adhyasa Bhashya of Sage Sri,
Sankara:~ (11) As regards the
rituals, Sage Sri, Sankara says, the person who performs rituals and aspires
for rewards will view him’Self’ in terms of the caste into which he is born,
his age, the stage of his life, his standing in society etc. In addition, he is
required to perform rituals all through his life. However, the ‘Self’ has none
of those attributes or tags. Hence, the person who superimposes all those
attributes on the changeless, eternal ‘Self’ and identifies the ‘Self’ with the body is a confusing one
for the other; and is therefore an ignorant person. The scriptures dealing with
rituals, rewards etc. are therefore addressed to an ignorant person.
Adhyasa Bhashya of Sage Sri, Sankara:~ (11.1) This ignorance
(mistaking the body for ‘Self’) brings in its wake a desire for the well-being
of the body, aversion for its disease or discomfort, fear of its destruction
and thus a host of miseries(anartha).This anartha is caused by projecting
karthvya(“doer” sense) and bhokthavya (object) on the Atman. Sankara calls this
adhyasa. The scriptures dealing with rituals, rewards etc. are, therefore, he says, addressed to an ignorant
person.
Adhyasa Bhashya of Sage Sri, Sankara:~ (11.2) In short, person who engages in
rituals with the notion “I am an agent, doer, thinker”, according to Sage Sri,
Sankara, is ignorant, as his behavior implies a distinct, separate
doer/agent/knower ; and an object that is to be done/achieved/known. That
duality is Avidya, an error that can be removed by vidya. ~~
Adhyasa Bhashya of Sage Sri, Sankara: ~ (12)
Sage Sri, Sankara affirming his belief in one eternal unchanging reality
(Brahman) and the illusion of plurality, drives home the point that Upanishads
deal not with rituals but with the knowledge of the Absolute (Brahma vidya) and
the Upanishads give us an insight into the essential nature of the ‘Self’ which
is identical with the Absolute, the Brahman.
No conceptual God can exist, apart from
consciousness. People are not aware of
the fact that, there is no individual God can exist, apart from Soul, which is
in the form of consciousness. Thus the Soul or
Consciousness is the true ‘Self’.
If there is no consciousness, then there is no body, no ego, no
universe, no religion and no conceptual God. : ~
Santthosh Kumaar
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